Baidu and Lyft's Freenow start robotaxi testing in London

Baidu has started testing autonomous vehicles in London as part of its partnership with Lyft and Freenow, the German taxi and multi-mobility app that Lyft now owns. The Chinese tech giant is the latest in a string of companies testing self-driving technology in the U.K. ahead of commercial robotaxi deployments. The testing, which began Tuesday with human safety operators, comes nearly a year after Baidu and Lyft struck a strategic partnership to deploy Baidu’s purpose-built Apollo Go RT6 robotaxi across key European markets through the Lyft platform. The vehicles will eventually be available through Freenow, which Lyft acquired in 2025 for about $197 million. That deal gave Lyft a foothold in Europe’s ride-hailing market, where a handful of well-funded companies are now jockeying to be first to market with robotaxis.

London in particular is shaping up to be a key battleground in the region. Waymo began testing its autonomous vehicles with human safety operators in the city in April. Uber and its self-driving tech partner, Wayve, have also announced plans to launch a robotaxi service in London this year — an initial service, now open for sign-ups on an interest list, that will keep human safety operators behind the wheel before fully driverless operations begin later.

Baidu and Freenow by Lyft said they expect to invite the public to hail their robotaxis in 2027, though the companies didn’t provide a more detailed timeline and noted that the launch will depend on regulatory approval. For now, dozens of test vehicles will operate within London’s borough of Brent. Lyft and Freenow said they continue discussions with safety and city officials, including Transport for London (TfL, the city’s transport authority) and the Centre for Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CCAV, a U.K. government body). The U.K. government is in the process of creating autonomous-vehicle regulations and opened applications in May for companies interested in an AV pilot program that lets them test self-driving vehicles under government oversight.

When the service does launch, Freenow by Lyft said it will operate a hybrid network — the same language rival Uber has used — meaning human drivers operating taxis and private-hire vehicles will work alongside the robotaxis. “As a platform with deep roots in the taxi industry, our priority is ensuring that autonomous technology supports the professional drivers who keep London moving,” said Thomas Zimmermann, CEO of Freenow by Lyft.

Why it matters

London now hosts test fleets from Waymo, Uber/Wayve, and Baidu/Freenow simultaneously, making it one of the clearest early proving grounds for which robotaxi operator — and business model — wins in a major non-U.S., non-Chinese market.